Deoxyribonucleotide triphosphates (dNTPs)
Deoxyribonucleotide triphosphates (dNTPs) are the building blocks of DNA, the genetic material of all living organisms. dNTPs are nucleotides that are composed of a nitrogenous base, a sugar molecule, and three phosphate groups. There are four different types of dNTPs, each containing a different nitrogenous base: adenine (A), guanine (G), cytosine (C), and thymine (T).
In order for DNA synthesis to occur, the double-stranded DNA molecule must first be unwound by an enzyme called helicase. The two strands then serve as templates for the creation of two new complementary strands, using dNTPs as the building blocks. The process of DNA replication is carried out by an enzyme called DNA polymerase, which catalyzes the addition of new dNTPs to the growing strand of DNA.
During DNA replication, the three phosphate groups of the dNTPs are cleaved, releasing energy that is used to drive the reaction forward. The two phosphate groups that are cleaved off are released as inorganic phosphate, while the remaining phosphate group becomes a part of the growing DNA chain. The sugar molecules of the dNTPs are linked together by a phosphodiester bond, forming the sugar-phosphate backbone of the DNA molecule.
The proper balance of dNTPs is essential for accurate DNA replication. If the concentrations of dNTPs are not balanced, errors can occur in the DNA sequence, leading to mutations that can have negative consequences for the organism. For example, mutations in DNA can lead to genetic disorders, cancer, and other diseases.
dNTPs are also used in a variety of other molecular biology techniques, such as PCR (polymerase chain reaction), which is used to amplify DNA sequences, and DNA sequencing, which is used to determine the exact sequence of a DNA molecule. In these techniques, the dNTPs are added in a controlled manner, allowing specific sequences of DNA to be amplified or sequenced.
In summary, dNTPs are the building blocks of DNA, and are essential for accurate DNA replication and other molecular biology techniques. The proper balance of dNTPs is crucial for maintaining the integrity of the DNA sequence, and mutations can have serious consequences for the organism. As our understanding of DNA and its role in biology continues to grow, so too does our appreciation for the vital role that dNTPs play in the processes that make life possible.
Hzymes Biotech offers
dNTP is one of the most basic raw materials in molecular biology experiments. Hzymes is always considering offering better dNTP, not just with high purity but also with less contamination and better functionality in the down-streaming applications. Each batch of dNTP from Hzymes has been produced according to GMP guidelines.
The established QC method meets the requirements of the United States, Europe, Chinese Pharmacopoeia, and other regulations. After extensive verification and validation, Hzymes dNTP series products are suitable for various molecular biological applications, including PCR, qPCR, high fidelity PCR, long chain PCR, cDNA synthesis, RT-PCR, RCA, MDA, DNA markers, DNA sequencing, in vitro transcription, siRNA synthesis, RNA amplifification, etc. The standard supply form is 100 mM solution, and we can provide solutions with each nucleotide concentration of 2 mM, 10 mM, 25 mM, 100 mM, and 400 mM.
Advantage
- Ultra-high purity, with HPLC detection purity greater than 99%
- Without DNase , RNase, qPCR, PCR and RT inhibitors contamination
- All components have undergone strict functional quality control, and meet the strict requirements for DNA contamination